Celiac Facts for Patients

The HbA1c test is a blood test that correlates with a person’s average blood glucose level over a span of a few months. It is used as a screening and diagnostic test for prediabetes and diabetes.

Heart disease describes a range of conditions that affect your heart, including blood vessel diseases, such as coronary artery disease; heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias); and inborn heart defects (congenital heart defects), among others.

Examination of the tissue under the microscope.

Human Leukocyte Antigen. A gene complex encoding the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins in humans. These cell-surface proteins are responsible for the regulation of the immune system in humans.

One of the specific gene variants which are strongly associated with celiac disease.

Human Leukocyte Antigen DQ2/DQ8.Specific gene variants of HLA which are strongly associated with celiac disease and also other autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes.

One of the specific gene variants which are strongly associated with celiac disease.

Breeding of plants or animals of different varieties, species, or races; also called crossbreed.

An abnormally high level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

An abnormally  low level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

An abnormally low level of prtoeins in the blood. It can have several causes, for example a very low protein intake, malabsorption or different diseases such as liver or kidney disease. The consequence of hypoproteinemia is the occurrence of edema, i.e. swelling in different parts of the body due to an abnormal accumulation of fluid.

Impaired function of the spleen, resulting in increased risk for infections.